UPS Glossary, Uninterruptible Power Supply Definition

Understanding Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Terminology

AC Ripple

AC Ripple refers to an undesirable AC component that may be superimposed on the DC output from a UPS rectifier or charger circuit. It is essential to prevent AC ripple from reaching the battery as it can cause internal heating and deterioration of the battery terminals. For more insights into UPS technology, please visit our website.

AMF

AMF stands for Automatic Mains Failure Detection. This feature in standby power generators enables the unit to detect a mains failure and automatically start up, effectively substituting as the mains source for the UPS.

Automatic Battery Test

Automatic Battery Test refers to a scheduled assessment designed to identify any weaknesses in the battery before a failure can occur during operation. It includes short simulated and actual discharges of the battery, generating alarms if the battery voltage falls below a predetermined level during the test.

Autonomy

Autonomy, sometimes called backup or discharge time, measures how long the battery can support the critical load during a mains failure. The autonomy duration depends on the battery's charge state, capacity, and the load size.

Availability (A)

Availability (A) is a metric indicating the total downtime per year for systems that may experience failure and require repairs. It represents the likelihood that a system will be operational at any given time during its lifespan:

• A = MTBF / (MTBF + MTTR)
• Where MTBF = Mean Time Between Failures and MTTR = Mean Time To Repair.

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Maintenance Protocols for UPS Systems

A thorough Semi-Annual or Quarterly Maintenance Routine includes:

1. Conducting internal conductance readings and interjar/inter-tier impedance readings on all batteries.
2. Measuring and documenting individual jar and string float voltages along with AC ripple current.
3. Cleaning all cells and racks and applying corrosion control as needed.
4. Recording the ambient temperature of the battery room.
5. Documenting Date Codes, Battery Post Types, interconnect cable sizes, and hardware/connection types.
6. Inspecting every cell for seals, posts, and jar integrity.
7. Performing individual High Rate/Short Term load tests on all jars to verify integrity and recovery curves, when necessary.
8. Providing complete data sheets and reporting any issues discovered during inspections.

Note 1: The frequency of service visits and load testing can vary based on:

• Battery Type
• Battery Age
• Customer Requirements

Note 2: It is important to note that this program covers inspections only; batteries and labor for replacements are excluded from this agreement.

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