TC - Standard shaft seal - Rotary seal

Materials

Metal cage - Spring

The table below showcases the different materials available for metal cages and springs.

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Application	Material	Standard	Characteristics
Metal cage	Non-alloy standard steel	AISI (DIN )	Cold rolled steel
Metal cage	Nickel chrome steel	AISI 304 (DIN 1. - V2A)	Standard stainless steel
Metal cage and spring	Chrome-nickel-molybdenum steel	AISI 316 (DIN 1. - V4A)	Stainless steel highly resistant to corrosion
Spring	Steel for springs	AISI - (DIN )	Cold drawn carbon steel wire
Spring	Nickel chrome steel	AISI 302 (DIN 1.)	Stainless steel for springs with a high carbon content

Rubbers

ACM (Polyacrylate)

Polymers that have ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate, supplemented with a small quantity of monomer for cross-linking, characterize ACM, which offers superior heat resistance compared to NBR. It’s frequently utilized in automatic gearboxes.

Chemical resistance	Mineral oils (motor oils, gear box oils, ATF oils) Atmospheric and ozone agents
Compatibility issue	Glycol-based brake fluids (Dot 3 & 4) Aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons Water and steam Acids, alkalis and amines
Temperature range	-25°C to +150°C (with a short-term peak at +160°C) -35°C / +150°C with specific ACMs

AEM (Ethylene Acrylate Rubber)

AEM, being a copolymer of methyl acrylate and ethylene, exhibits superior heat resistance in comparison to ACM. Its properties position it as a bridge between ACM and FKM.

Chemical resistance	Cooling fluids Aggressive mineral oils Atmospheric agents Water
Compatibility issue	Aromatic solvents Strong acids Brake fluids Gearbox oils ATF oils
Temperature range	-40°C to +150°C

CR (Polychloroprene)

This CR-based rubber, the first synthetic rubber commercially produced, finds applications primarily in refrigeration and ventilation systems.

Chemical resistance	Paraffinic mineral oils Silicone oils and greases Water and low-temperature water-based solvents Refrigerant fluids Ammoniac Carbon dioxide Atmospheric and ozone agents
Limited chemical resistance	Naphthenic mineral oils Aliphatic hydrocarbons (propane, butane, petroleum) Glycol-based brake fluids
Compatibility issue	Aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene) Chlorinated hydrocarbons (trichlorethylene) Polar solvents (ketone, acetone)
Temperature range	-40°C / +100°C (short-term peak at +120°C)

EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber)

EPDM, as a copolymer, is utilized in hot water taps, cooling systems, brake systems, dishwashers, and washing machines.

Chemical resistance	Hot water and steam up to +150°C Glycol-based and silicone-based brake fluids Organic and inorganic acids Cleaning agents and alkalis Hydraulic fluids Silicone oils Polar solvents Atmospheric agents
Compatibility issue	Mineral oils and greases Hydrocarbons Low gas impermeability
Temperature range	-45°C / +150°C (with a peak at +175°C)

FFKM (Perfluorinated Rubber)

FFKM is known for its exceptional resistance to high temperatures and chemical inertia. Common applications include high-temperature hydraulic systems, industrial valves, and motor seals.

Chemical resistance	Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons Polar solvents Organic and inorganic acids Water and steam High-vacuum systems
Compatibility issue	Coolants (R11, R12, etc.) PFPE
Temperature range	-15°C/+320°C

FKM (Fluorinated Rubber)

The chemical resistance of FKM varies by structure and fluorine content, making it suitable for hydraulics and various industries.

Chemical resistance	Mineral oils and greases Fire-resistant liquids Silicone oils Aromatic hydrocarbons Chlorinated hydrocarbons Atmospheric agents
Compatibility issue	Glycol-based brake fluids Organic acids
Temperature range	-20°C / +200°C (short-term peak at +230°C) -40°C / +200°C with specific variants

FVMQ (Fluorosilicone Rubber)

This rubber type closely resembles VMQ but excels in resistance to fuels and mineral oils, making it suitable for fuel systems.

Chemical resistance	Aromatic mineral oils Fuels Aromatic hydrocarbons
Temperature range	-70°C/+175°C

HNBR (Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber)

HNBR is favored for applications in power-assisted steering and air conditioning due to its excellent chemical resistance.

Chemical resistance	Aliphatic hydrocarbons Mineral oils Fire-resistant fluids Water and steam
Compatibility issue	Chlorinated hydrocarbons Strong acids
Temperature range	-30°C / +150°C (short-term peak at +160°C) -40°C / +150°C with specific HNBRs

NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber)

NBR is a widely used copolymer with good wear resistance and mechanical properties but lower resistance to atmospheric agents.

Chemical resistance	Aliphatic hydrocarbons Mineral oils and greases Diluted acids Water (up to +100°C)
Compatibility issue	Aromatic hydrocarbons Chlorinated hydrocarbons Strong acids Glycol-based brake fluids
Temperature range	-30°C / +100°C (short-term peak at +120°C) -40°C / +100°C with specific NBRs

VMQ (Silicone Rubber: Methyl Vinyl Polysiloxane)

This rubber variant is routinely used in fuel systems due to its effective properties.

Chemical resistance	Animal and vegetable oils Water Atmospheric and ozone agents
Compatibility issue	Superheated steam Aromatic hydrocarbons
Temperature range	-60°C / +200°C (short-term peak at +230°C)

The following table summarizes the physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of each material.

Characteristics/Materials	ACM	AEM	CR	EPDM	FFKM	FKM	FVMQ	HNBR	NBR	VMQ
Abrasion resistant	2	3	2	2	4	2	4	2	2	4
Resistance to acids	4	3	2	2	1	1	3	1	3	3
Chemical resistance	4	2	2	1	1	1	1	2	2	2
Resistance to cold	4	2	2	2	3	4	2	2	2	2
Dynamic properties	3	3	3	2	3	2	4	1	2	4
Electrical properties	3	3	3	2	1	4	1	3	3	1
Flame resistant	4	4	2	4	1	1	2	4	4	3
Heat resistant	1	1	2	2	1	1	1	1	2	1
Sealing water	1	1	2	2	2	2	4	2	2	4
Oil resistant	1	3	2	4	1	1	2	1	1	2
Ozone resistant	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	2	4	1
Tearing resistant	2	3	3	1	4	3	4	2	2	4
Traction resistant	3	2	2	1	2	1	3	2	2	4
Water/vapour resistant	4	4	3	1	2	3	3	1	2	3
Resistance to atmospheric agents	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	3	1

1. Excellent properties 2. Good properties 3. Average properties 4. Poor properties

Chemical compatibility

A "Chemical compatibility guide" catalogue is available for download in the Documentation section. Additionally, you can utilize our online "Chemical compatibility" tool free of charge.

These tools allow you to evaluate the behavior of our materials in contact with most fluids. The displayed data results from rigorous testing conducted at ambient temperatures alongside previous publications. Please note that the results may not be fully representative due to specific application features. The tests do not account for any additives or impurities present under actual usage conditions, nor potential temperature variations. We recommend conducting your own tests to confirm the compatibility of materials for your specific application. Our technical team stands ready to provide additional assistance.